96 Hour Chick Embryo Serial Section

3) Align images, identify and trace a structure or structures within the embryo. 4) Render your image. 72, 80, 96 hr chick serial cross-sections – 20 µm. Serial sections are where we slice an embryo as if it was a sausage. We affix each section, in order, on a microscope slide and stain the sections before we look at them with the microscope. We then 'read' these two-dimensional sections to try to visualize the three-dimensional organization of all the layers and parts of an embryo at one stage.

In the stage from 22 hours on, the somites formed in the mesoderm at the left and right side of the neural walls become visible. After 24 hours 4 to 5 segmented paired blocks can be discerned. Later on, these structures will differentiate into the vertebrae, the ribs, a part of the skin and the dorsal muscles. Only the head region lifts up above the area pellucida. In this preparation, one can see the chorda (notochord) in the region of the anterior intestinal portal. This structure marks the differentiating foregut which is formed as a blind pocket bordered by endodermal tissue. The neural walls end in a neural pore at the anterior side and become smaller and wider apart in the region of Hensen’s node where it ends in the sinus rhomboidalis.

Sometimes the extra-embryonic vessels become already visible in the area vasculosa. Later on, they will make contact with the vitelline (omphalomesenteric) veins and arteries formed in the embryo. • Developmental stages after 22-28 hrs, according to Patten (1920) • Whole mount preparation 24 hours () • Cross sections 24 hours () Developemental stages 22-28 hrs according to Patten (1920) Dorsal view of a developing chicken embryo (between 22 - 28 hrs after fertilization) • 22 to 23 hrs: the beginning of somite formation • 24 hrs: 4 pairs of mesodermic somites are visible • 27-28 hrs: 8 pairs of mesodermic somites are visible Stage 24 hours Whole mount preparation 24 hours Information: The somites are formed in the mesoderm at the left and right side of the neural walls. In this stage, they are visible as 4 to 5 segmented paired blocks.

Afterwards these structures will differentiate in to the vertebrae, the ribs, a part of the skin and the dorsal muscles. Only this head region elevates above the underlying area pellucida. In this preparation, one can see the chorda (notochord) in the region of the differentiating foregut. Embryology of the chicken 24 hours after fertilization Right: stained whole mount preparation. Herebelow A and B: cross sections at the level of the primitieve groove and the neural groove.

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This membrane is made up of a bladderlike median ventral diverticulum of the hindgut endoderm, covered with splanchnic mesoderm. It connects with the hindgut, which will be found only in sections posterior to the posterior intestinal portal at this stage of development. Ultimately, this double membrane will fill the exocoel, and its outer layer of mesoderm will fuse with mesoderm of the chorion and the aminion and finally with the splanchnic mesoderm of the yolk sac splanchnopleure. Its function in the chick is related to respiration and excretion.